Multi-Parameter Flood Hazard Assessment Using a Spatial Approachin Demak Regency

Joshua Vincent Gerar Yametis; Andi Irwan  Benardi

doi:10.23960/jpg.v14.i1.81

Authors

Joshua Vincent Gerar Yametis Universitas Negeri Semarang Author https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1826-7961
Andi Irwan Benardi Universitas Negeri Semarang Author https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8818-4104

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.23960/jpg.v14.i1.81

Keywords:

Spatial Approach, Demak Regency, Flood, Hazard

Abstract

Flood is a frequent hydrometeorological disaster in Indonesia, and Demak Regency is highly vulnerable due to its coastal and lowland characteristics. This study analyzes flood hazard levels using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) with six parameters: slope, elevation, rainfall, soil type, land use, and river buffer. Weighted overlay was applied to classify hazard zones. Results show that 74% of the area is highly vulnerable, 23% vulnerable, and only 2% not vulnerable. The highest risk occurs in coastal sub-districts such as Wedung, Sayung, Bonang, and Karanganyar, influenced by flat slopes, very low elevation, high rainfall, and land use dominated by rice fields, ponds, and settlements. Meanwhile, southern areas like Karangawen and Mranggen are relatively safer due to higher elevation and undulating topography. It is concluded that flood vulnerability in Demak is driven by multiple physical and environmental factors, requiring integrated mitigation through drainage improvement and land use management.

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