Mapping the Dynamics of the Rawa Pening Ecosystem Based on NDVI and NDWI using Landsat 8 OLI Imagery in 2025
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.23960/jpg.v14.i2.182Keywords:
Rawa Pening, NDVI, NDWI, vegetation density, moisture indexAbstract
Rawa Pening in Central Java is a vital swamp ecosystem threatened by land expansion, sedimentation, and invasive vegetation. This study aims to map its ecological dynamics using the Renormalized Differential Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Renormalized Differential Water Index (NDWI) derived from Landsat 8 OLI imagery in July 2025. The method involves radiometric correction (ENVI 4.5) and land cover classification (ArcGIS 10.4.1) across Ambarawa, Bawen, Tuntang, and Banyubiru sub-districts. Results indicate the area is dominated by fairly dense vegetation (11.496,85 Ha) and a moderate wetness level (17.798,08 Ha). Furthermore, 792,61 Ha of high wetness indicates a relatively healthy swamp zone, while 361.58 Ha of non-water area reflects potential degradation risks from sedimentation and eutrophication. In conclusion, integrating NDVI and NDWI provides an efficient tool for continuous monitoring. These findings emphasize the critical need for sustainable management and provide a relevant spatial framework for adaptive conservation strategies in vulnerable tropical swamp ecosystems.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Era Iswara Pangastuti, Elan Artono Nurdin (Author); Chalia Chistella, Fahmi Arif Kurnianto, Rifdha Hana Salsabila, Nakita Fauziatul Laili, Auri Letha Azzura Wijaya (Translator)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
This open access article is distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) 4.0 International license
